01 ʻO nā ʻāpana kala ʻole ʻano paʻakikī/ hui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻokiʻoki metala
ʻO nā ʻāpana kala ʻano paʻakikī paʻakikī a i ʻole nā huihui i loaʻa i ʻelua a ʻoi aʻe paha nā oxide metala. Hoʻokahi oxide e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he pūʻali a ʻo nā ʻokikene ʻē aʻe e hoʻopuehu i loko o ka lattice crystal host. Hoʻokō ʻia kēia inter-diffusing ma nā ʻano wela ...